Studies On Components Of Lion's Mane Powder

Against the backdrop of increasing global ageing and rising incidence of chronic diseases, the development of natural functional ingredients has become a hotspot in the field of medicine and healthcare. Recently, Xi'an sost biotech's R&D team, together with several universities, released research results on the composition of lion's mane mushroom, showing that this medicinal fungus is not only rich in a variety of nutrients, but also its extracts show significant activity in antioxidant and anticancer, which provides an important scientific basis for the development of functional foods and natural medicines.

 

 

1. Basic Composition Analysis - General Composition Content in Lion's Mane Powder

Comparison of the crude ash, crude fat and crude protein contents of the Lion's Mane with the nutrient analysis of four edible mushrooms (enoki, monkey head and shiitake) revealed that the crude fat, crude protein and crude ash contents of the monkey head mushroom were all relatively high compared with the other three edible mushrooms.

 

The basic nutritional composition test showed that the crude protein content of hericium hericium powder was as high as 24.52%, far higher than that of other common edible fungi such as flavorful mushroom and shiitake mushroom. It contained 8 kinds of amino acids necessary for human body, among which glutamic acid accounted for 11.4%, which not only gave it a delicious flavor, but also provided essential nitrogen source for body metabolism. The content of carbohydrate was 56.56%, mainly active polysaccharides such as β-glucan, which had the effect of regulating intestinal flora and enhancing immunity. In addition, the crude fat content was 3.15%, the crude ash content was 7.37%, and the water content was only 8.4%, reflecting the characteristics of high-quality ingredients with low water content and high protein.

 

 

 

2.Determination of total phenols and total flavonoids

 

Phenolic compounds are the main antioxidant active components in all natural products, which are widely found in green plants and may be the main antioxidants in plant extracts.

 

 

Phenols and flavonoids are the core components of monkey head mushroom that exert antioxidant effects. Studies have shown that its total phenolic content of 343 mg/g (gallic acid) and total flavonoid content of 300 mg/g (rutin) are higher than those of most medicinal plants. By scavenging free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation, these components can reduce the damage of oxidative stress on DNA, proteins and other biomolecules, thus slowing down cell aging and reducing the risk of chronic diseases.

 

3.Antioxidant activity was investigated

 

● DPPH-scavenging activity

 

DPPH- is a stable nitrogen-centred radical, and DPPH- has been widely used as a means of reacting samples for their anti-oxidative
chemical capacity of the sample in a manner. The results of DPPH scavenging by different extracts of Monkey mushroom are shown in Figure 1. As the concentration of the extract increased, its scavenging rate of DPPH radicals increased, and there was a quantitative relationship between concentration and scavenging rate. There was a quantitative relationship between concentration and scavenging rate.

concentration range, the scavenging rates of DPPH radicals by hot water, ethanol and VC were significantly different (p<0.01), except for the mass concentration of the extract at 0.5 mg/mL, where the scavenging rates were significantly different (p<0.01).

scavenging rates of hot water, ethanol and VC were significantly different (p<0.05). When the extract mass concentration was 0.5 mg/mL, ethanol extracts and hot water extracts had similar scavenging ability, with scavenging rates divided into 63.4% and 58.1%, with no significant difference between them (p>0.05). After that, as the concentration of the sample solution increased, the ethanol extract consistently maintained a better scavenging effect than the hot water extract, and the scavenging ability of the two extracts was significantly different.

and there was a significant difference between the two, with the final clearance rates of 94.1% and 85.1% respectively, which were both at a high level.
were at a high level.

 

● ABTS cation radical scavenging

 

73.5% at 3.0 mg/mL for the ethanol extract and 67.8% for the hot water extract, which showed a significant dose-dependence, confirming its dual protective effect against oxidative damage at the humoral and cell membrane levels.

 

 

● The scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical (・OH)

 

Ethanol extract showed a scavenging rate of 46.1% at 0.5 mg/mL, which was not significantly different from that of ascorbic acid (54.9%), suggesting that it has excellent performance in scavenging of hydroxyl radical, which is a high-activity oxidant, and it can effectively reduce the oxidative damage in the cell.

 

 

 

4.Anticancer potential of hericium mushrooms

 

● Inhibition of HepG2 cells by Lion's mane: the inhibition rate of ethanol extract at 0.5 mg/mL reached 62.3%, which was close to that of the positive control drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); when the concentration was increased to 2.0 mg/mL, the inhibition rate reached 78.5%, which was significantly better than that of hot water extract (65.2%).

● Inhibition of HT29 by Lion's mane Mushroom Extracts: the ethanol extract was more effective at low concentration (0.1 mg/mL), and the hot water extract briefly surpassed the hot water extract at high concentration (0.5 mg/mL), but the overall inhibitory activity of the ethanol extract was still stronger, and both of them showed a dose-dependent relationship of 'the higher the concentration, the better the effect'.

Studies have shown that terpenoids, sterols and other components in the lion's mane mushroom may work by inducing apoptosis in tumour cells, inhibiting angiogenesis and other pathways, providing a new target for the development of natural anti-cancer adjuvant drugs.

 

CONCLUSION: Dual value of natural antioxidants and anticancer candidates

 

Comprehensive experimental results showed that the extracts of lion's mane mushroom exhibited excellent natural antioxidant activity with efficient scavenging ability against DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals; and its ethanol extracts showed stronger inhibitory effects in most of the tumour cell models, confirming the potential of Monkey Head Mushroom as a natural anticancer substance. Compared to chemically synthesised drugs, naturally sourced Monkey Head mushroom ingredients have  the advantage of high safety and fewer side effects, which meets the needs of modern precision medicine and preventive health management.

 

Industrial cooperation: Xi'an sost biotech facilitates the industrialisation of mushroom extracts
 

Xi'an sost biotech, as a high-tech enterprise focusing on the production of mushroom extracts, possesses advanced low-temperature extraction, membrane separation and quality control technologies, and is able to provide high-purity and high-activity Lion's mane  mushroom powder and extracts to meet the needs of R&D and production in the fields of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and functional foods. For cooperation or product information, please feel free to contact us through official channels to promote the commercialisation of natural health ingredients.

Contact information

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